Orientation and digital innovation construction of Medical Physics curriculum / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical Physics is an interdiscipline which is formed by applying the basic principles, methods, and techniques of physics to clinical medical research such as prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases, and it is a compulsory professional basic course for medical students. However, there are many medical students reflect that the content of this course is obscure and difficult to understand. Teaching effect is not ideal. The main reasons are that the teaching method is single and the reference materials are few. Based on the actual situation of the course, Hebei Medical University, China promotes formative evaluation from the content of teaching materials, teaching means, and other aspects. At the same time, by combining with the Internet, the digital construction has been realized, deepening the reform of the Medical Physics curriculum, and remarkable results have been achieved.

Application of formative evaluation in the teaching of geriatric pharmacology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the influence of formative evaluation on the teaching effect of geriatric pharmacology by introducing formative evaluation model into the teaching evaluation system of geriatric pharmacology.Methods:The 78 undergraduates of Batch 2013 clinical medicine from Chongqing Medical University were selected as the control group, and the summative evaluation method was used for evaluation; another 142 clinical medical students of Batch 2014 were set as the experimental group, and the formative evaluation method was adopted for evaluation. The statistical analysis was conducted based on the examination scores at the end of the semester. SPSS 23.0 was used for t-test. Results:The test papers of 142 students in the experimental group and 78 students in the control group were analyzed with full samples. The reliability coefficients of the test papers were all greater than 0.6, close to 0.85, indicating that the test results were reliable. The overall difficulty of the test paper is appropriate, and the discrimination is good. The final score (59.66±13.90) of the students in the experimental class was significantly higher than that of the students in the control class (51.58±14.33), with a statistically significant difference ( t=4.08, P<0.001). Conclusion:The application of formative evaluation in the teaching of geriatric pharmacology can effectively improve students' initiative and improve the quality of teaching.

Application of task-based teaching method combined with formative evaluation in nursing teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To evaluate the application effect of task-based teaching combined with formative evaluation in the teaching of Nursing Research. Methods:A total of 56 nursing students from Batch 2016 were selected as the research objects. The task-based teaching method and formative evaluation were applied in the teaching of Nursing Research to guide the students to participate in and complete the whole nursing research process. The changes of students' autonomous learning ability, learning behavior and innovation ability before and after the course were investigated by questionnaires, so as to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 24.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:There were significant differences in the scores of students' independent learning ability before the course (90.43±9.45) and that after the course (94.73±9.64) ( t=-11.87, P<0.05), especially in the aspects of information ability, learning and cooperation ability ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the score of students' innovation ability before the course (73.64±10.12) and that after the course (77.34±12.31) ( t=-3.05, P<0.05), especially in the aspects of innovative thinking ability and innovative practice ability ( P<0.05). In addition, the students' learning behavior also changed significantly, which was manifested in the increased action of preview, review and questioning. Conclusion:Task-based teaching method combined with formative evaluation can improve students' autonomous learning ability, learning behavior and innovation ability.

Application of new evaluation system based on virtual simulation system in experimental teaching of functional science / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of a new evaluation system based on virtual simulation system in the evaluation of functional science experiment teaching.Methods:The data of students' learning in the 2019-2020 academic year were collected, and the impact of using virtual simulation teaching system on the achievement of teaching goals under the new teaching evaluation standard was comparatively analyzed. Questionnaire survey was conducted to study students' evaluation on the virtual simulation teaching system. SPSS 22.0 was used for chi-square test.Results:The students who used the new formative evaluation standard had a virtual academic excellence rate of 75.49% (308/408), while the unused students had an excellence rate of only 32.22% (135/419), with significant differences ( P<0.01). The number of virtual simulation items required for different teaching objectives were 4, 11 and 14, respectively, and the corresponding students' virtual simulation system outstanding rate was 99.19% (246/248), 93.14% (380/408), 84.72% (488/576), with significant differences ( P<0.01). And 93.8% (348/371) students thought the learning of the virtual simulation system could help improve the success rate of the experiment, and 93.26% (346/371) of the students believed that it had improved the ability to analyze and deal with unexpected problems in the experimental class. Conclusion:The new evaluation system based on the virtual simulation system can promote the improvement of the experimental teaching quality of functional science.

Las guías de autorregulación del aprendizaje ¿influyen en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de carreras de ciencias de la salud? / Do self-regulation guidelines influence the academic performance of health science students?

La guía de autorregulación del aprendizaje es un instrumento de aprendizaje y evaluación cuya estructura de planificación, ejecución y reflexión permite trabajar en función de los resultados de aprendizaje esperados en una unidad del programa de un curso. El objetivo del estudio compara el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de 4to año, de nutrición y dietética de la asignatura de Dietoterapia en patologías complejas durante el año 2019 con otro grupo que no utilizó guías de autorregulación en el mismo curso durante el año 2018. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilística discrecional n=51 estudiantes (2018), n=49 estudiantes (2019). Se evaluó la percepción de los estudiantes mediante un instrumento de valoración, tipo Likert y se contrastaron las calificaciones obtenidas mediante T Student. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una mejora significativa en las calificaciones de los estudiantes que utilizaron guías de autorregulación. Logrando un promedio más alto en comparación con estudiantes que trabajaron con metodología tradicional (p> 0,05). La percepción de los estudiantes indicó que la guía de autorregulación del aprendizaje es una herramienta que permite mejorar sus calificaciones y planificar sus tiempos de estudios.

The learning self-regulation guide is a learning and evaluation instrument whose planning, execution and reflection structure allows working according to the expected learning outcomes in a unit of a course program. The objective of the study compares the academic performance of 4th year students, nutrition and dietetics of the subject of Dietotherapy in complex pathologies during the year 2019 with another group that did not use self-regulation guidelines in the same course during the year 2018. The sample It was discretionary non-probabilistic n = 51 students (2018), n = 49 students (2019). The perception of the students was evaluated by means of a Likert-type assessment instrument and the grades obtained by T Student were contrasted. The results obtained a significant improvement in the grades of the students who used self-regulation guides. Achieving a higher average compared to students who worked with traditional methodology (p > 0.05). The perception of students indicates that the self-regulation learning guide is a tool that allows them to improve their grades and plan their study times.

Ludoevaluación de la emoción del miedo en educación infantil / Ludo-evaluation of the emotion of fear and personal self-esteem in early childhood education / Ludo-avaliação da emoção do medo na educação infantil

Resumen (analítico) La educación emocional es un objetivo que debemos incorporar en el proceso formativo de la primera infancia, trabajando desde la familia y la escuela. La presente investigación relaciona la promoción de la educación emocional con la emoción del miedo en los niños y niñas, promoviendo un mayor autoconocimiento personal y aceptación de la frustración ante situaciones adversas que puedan darse en su vida. Se llevó a través de un estudio de caso en tercer grado de educación infantil en un centro público de Toledo (España). En este participaron 24 niños y niñas, el profesorado que los atiende y sus familiares, consiguiendo, a través del desarrollo de actividades evidenciados a través de procesos de ludoevaluación, resultados positivos en lo concerniente a la participación, reconocimiento emocional y comunicación asertiva.

Abstract (analytical) Emotional education is an objective that needs to be incorporated in the formative process of early childhood, working in both families and schools. This research focuses on the promotion of emotio-nal education with the emotion of fear in boys and girls; promoting greater personal self-knowledge and acceptance of frustration in the face of adverse situations that may occur in their lives. The re-search was conducted as a case study in the third year of Preschool Education in a public school in Toledo (Spain). A total of 24 boys and girls participated along with the teachers who work with them and their families. Through the development of activities evidenced by ludo-evaluation processes, the study achieved positive results regarding participation, emotional recognition and assertive communication.

Resumo (analítico) A educação emocional é uma disciplina que devemos incorporar no processo educativo da primeira infância, trabalhando juntamente com a família e a escola. A presente investigação debruça-se sobre a promoção da educação da emoção do medo em crianças; com o intuito de promover um maior autoconhecimento e tolerância à frustração perante situações adversas que podem ocorrer na vida. A metodologia usada passou por um estudo de caso em Educação Infantil num centro público de Toledo (Espanha). Participaram no estudo 24 meninos e meninas, os seus professores e as suas famílias, e, por meio do desenvolvimento de atividades suportadas por processos de ludo-avaliação, foram alcançados resultados positivos em relação à participação, reconhecimento emocional e comunicação assertiva.

Una aproximación a la autorregulación del aprendizaje desde la evaluación formativa en la educación médica / An approach to self-regulation of learning through formative evaluation on medical education

Introducción: La evaluación formativa constituye una actividad continua que se desarrolla durante todo el proceso docente educativo con la finalidad de regularlo; pero, en su concepción más amplia, su propósito es que el estudiante construya un sistema personal para el aprendizaje permanente. Objetivo: Promover la autorregulación del aprendizaje desde la evaluación formativa en la educación médica. Desarrollo: Durante la evaluación formativa, el profesor como mediador tiene la responsabilidad de formar profesionales que estén dotados de las herramientas apropiadas para este aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida, que se concreta en competencias de autorregulación del aprendizaje. En una sistematización de diferentes publicaciones se puntualizan las etapas de este proceso según el modelo cíclico de fases de Zimmerman y Moylan (2009) -uno de los más difundidos en la literatura científica-, y se explica cómo desde la evaluación formativa en la educación médica el profesor puede orientar el proceso hacia la autorregulación del aprendizaje. Conclusiones: Se exponen los elementos que caracterizan la autorregulación del aprendizaje y se destaca su importancia a lo largo de la vida. Se justifican los atributos de la evaluación formativa para gestionar el aprendizaje y cómo orientarla hacia la promoción de actuaciones autorreguladas a través del desarrollo de las capacidades metacognitivas que propicien en el estudiante perfeccionar los procesos que le permitan aprender, las estrategias para regular el aprendizaje y su proyección en un adecuado dominio de los modos de actuación que caracterizan la actividad profesional(AU)

Introduction: Formative evaluation is a continuous activity developed throughout the educational teaching process in order to regulate it; but, in its broadest conception, its purpose is for the student to build a personal system for lifelong learning. Objective: To promote self-regulation of learning through formative evaluation in medical education. Development: During formative evaluation, the professor, as a mediator, has the responsibility of training professionals who are given the appropriate tools for managing lifelong learning, which is specified in self-regulation learning competencies. Thorough systematization of different publications, the stages of this process are specified according to Zimmerman's and Moylan's (2009) Cyclical Phases model -one of the most widespread in the scientific literature-; and it is explained how, through formative evaluation in medical education, the professor can guide the process towards self-regulation of learning. Conclusions: The elements that characterize self-regulation of learning are presented, highlighting its importance throughout life. The attributes of formative evaluation to manage learning are justified, as well as how to guide it towards the promotion of self-regulated actions through the development of metacognitive capacities that encourage the student to improve the processes that allow them to learn, the strategies to regulate learning, and such projection in an adequate domain of the modes of action that characterize the professional activity(AU)

Construction of formative evaluation system for practical teaching of medical laboratory / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To establish a reasonable and effective formative evaluation system based on the characteristics of practical teaching of medical laboratory to evaluate the effect of practical teaching and improve the quality and level of teaching.Methods:A survey and research method was used to screen the elements needed for the formative evaluation system, so as to construct the framework and evaluation indicators of the practice teaching of this specialty. The students from Batch 2016 were scored before and after implementing formative evaluation, and the results were statistically analyzed by paired t test with SPSS 20.0 software. Results:The survey results of a total of 30 teachers (experts) and 121 students in this major were counted. According to the practical characteristics of this major, the evaluation system included two first-level indicators, five second-level indicators, and corresponding third-level and fourth-level indicators. After statistical analysis, students' learning interest, practical ability, self-learning ability, team assistance ability and knowledge development ability were all significantly improved after the implementation of formative evaluation ( P<0.01- P<0.05), and students' enthusiasm for class also increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:It proves that the constructed formative evaluation system conforms to the characteristics of practical teaching of medical laboratory, which helps to improve the effect of practical teaching and lays a foundation for its application in the practical teaching of this professional course.

Analysis of the teaching effect of the normal human morphology with mixed teaching mode and formative evaluation in China / Análisis del efecto de la enseñanza de morfología humana normal con un modelo de enseñanza mixta y evaluación formativa en China

With the accumulation of teaching experience and the summary of the teaching process in the teaching of medical colleges and universities, the course "Normal Human Morphology" has been basically on the right track in undergraduate education. However, most of the colleges and universities in China still use the traditional teaching mode, and the evaluation of students' learning effects and teacher teaching still follows the method of final evaluation. This method is not conducive to students' timely understanding of self-stage learning effects. It will affect the teacher's adjustment (or solution) to the specific links (or problems) that appear in the teaching process. The establishment of the mixed teaching model and formative evaluation system can solve the problems of the two to some extent.

Con la mayor experiencia de los docentes y del proceso de aprendizaje en la enseñanza de facultades y universidades de medicina, el curso "Morfología Humana Normal" básicamente ha seguido una metodología correcta en la educación de pregrado. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los colegios y universidades en China aún utilizan el modelo de enseñanza tradicional, por lo cual, la evaluación de los efectos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes junto con la enseñanza docente, a la fecha, sigue el método de una evaluación final. Este método no es propicio para la comprensión oportuna por parte de los alumnos, en la etapa del auto-aprendizaje, ya que afecta la adaptación (o solución) del profesor a los enlaces (o problemas) específicos que aparecen en el proceso de enseñanza. El establecimiento de un modelo de enseñanza mixta y un sistema de evaluación formativa en cierta medida podrían resolver ambos problemas.

Evaluación formativa en Educación Física, a escolares con discapacidad intelectual / Formative evaluation in Physical Education to school children with intellectual disabilities

Resumen En el presente artículo, se exponen los resultados de una investigación dirigida a la aplicación de la evaluación en Educación Física, en los escolares con discapacidad intelectual, al constatarse la pobre correspondencia entre los objetivos del programa que se imparte y los objetivos propuestos en el modelo de evaluación actual, a través de la resolución ministerial 238/2014. El objetivo se centra en proponer una metodología de evaluación formativa en Educación Física, en los escolares con discapacidad intelectual, en el municipio Pinar del Río. Para ello se aplicaron diferentes métodos de investigación como la observación a clases de Educación Física en diferentes momentos de la evaluación y encuesta a profesores de la asignatura que imparten clases a los escolares. Como resultado, se presenta una metodología donde se integran la evaluación de habilidades motrices y capacidades físicas y se potencian las acciones lúdicas en las que se estimulan aprendizajes prácticos y sociales, que influyen en el mejoramiento de su salud y preparación para una vida adulta e independiente de los escolares.

Abstract In the present article, the results of an investigation directed to the application of the evaluation in Physical Education are exposed, in the students with intellectual disability, when verifying the poor correspondence between the objectives of the program that is imparted and the objectives proposed in the model of current evaluation through ministerial resolution238 / 2014. The objective focuses on developing a methodology of formative assessment in Physical Education, in schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities, in the Pinar del Río municipality. To this end, different research methods were applied, such as observation of Physical Education classes, at different times of the evaluation, survey of teachers of the subject who teach classes to schoolchildren. As a result, a methodology is presented where the evaluation of motor skills and physical abilities are integrated, enhancing the playful actions in which practical and social learning are stimulated which influence the improvement of their health and preparation for an adult life and independent of the school.

La evaluación del aprendizaje formativo contextualizado en la disciplina Filosofía y Sociedad / The evaluation of formative learning contextualized in the Philosophy and Society discipline

RESUMEN Introducción: la evaluación como componente del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje centra la atención de directivos, docentes y estudiantes, por su relevancia, de dar a conocer los resultados en la formación del estudiante, la calidad del desempeño del docente y la eficacia del proceso educativo. Objetivo: demostrar la pertinencia de la evaluación formativa contextualizada en la disciplina Filosofía y Sociedad, de la carrera de Medicina, para la formación integral del profesional. Método: El estudio contempló aquellos métodos y procedimientos propios de una metodología cualitativa, como: entrevista, observación y análisis de documentos, con sus respectivas modalidades. Resultados: El análisis de los instrumentos evaluativos aplicados por el colectivo pedagógico del Departamento de Filosofía e Historia y sus resultados, los análisis de los controles a clases realizados en el periodo 2015 al primer semestre del curso lectivo, unido a las entrevistas individuales y grupales a docentes y estudiantes, constató que los docentes diseñan las evaluaciones homogéneas, sin considerar la diversidad en el aula, las características propias de los estudiantes, sus ritmos y estilos de aprendizaje; en los estudiantes se confirmó que se maximiza la ansiedad, la baja autoestima al no reconocerse el esfuerzo realizado e incluso manifiestan desmotivación por la asignatura. Conclusiones: La propuesta contribuye a modificar la evaluación de los aprendizajes del alumnado y elevar las exigencias de las competencias profesionales del profesor universitario, así como generar un clima de calidad de la enseñanza y desmitificar la aversión por la disciplina Filosofía y Sociedad, a través del empleo eficiente de métodos, técnicas e instrumentos evaluativos del aprendizaje formativo contextualizado, como herramienta valiosa para incidir en la formación integral del educando, además de retroalimentarnos del trabajo del docente que se realiza e incide en la eficacia del Proceso Docente Educativo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: evaluation as a component of the teaching-learning process centers the attention of executives, teachers and students, for its relevance, to publicize the results in the student's education, the quality of the teacher's performance and the effectiveness of the educational process. Objective: to demonstrate the pertinence of the contextualized formative evaluation in the Philosophy and Society discipline, of the Medicine career, for the integral formation of the professional. Method: The study contemplated those methods and procedures of a qualitative methodology, such as: interview, observation and analysis of documents, with their respective modalities. Results: The analysis of the evaluative instruments applied by the pedagogical group of the Department of Philosophy and History and its results, the analysis of the controls to classes made in the period 2015 to the first semester of the academic year, together with the individual and group interviews to teachers and students, found that teachers design homogeneous evaluations, without considering the diversity in the classroom, the characteristics of the students, their rhythms and learning styles; in the students, it was confirmed that anxiety is maximized, low self-esteem due to not recognizing the effort made and even demonstrating demotivation for the subject. Conclusions: The proposal contributes to modify the evaluation of student learning and raise the demands of professional skills of the university professor, as well as generating a climate of quality of teaching and demystifying the aversion to the discipline Philosophy and Society, through the efficient use of methods, techniques and evaluative instruments of contextualized formative learning, as a valuable tool to influence the integral education of the learner, as well as feedback from the teacher's work that is carried out and affects the effectiveness of the Educational Teaching Process.

El mejoramiento del desempeño profesional pedagógico de los docentes para la evaluación formativa / Upgrading of Professional Pedagogical Improvement of Professors for Formative Evaluation

Introducción: El impacto de la formación de los recursos humanos en salud, es uno de los indicadores que se miden en función de establecer los estándares de calidad a nivel nacional e internacional. La evaluación formativa constituye una herramienta elemental para los planes de mejora curricular. Objetivo: Identificar los fundamentos que sustentan el proceso de desempeño profesional pedagógico de los docentes en el área de la Evaluación Formativa. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa de desarrollo en la Facultad de Ciencias Victoria de Girón durante el curso 2017-2018 y se utilizaron los métodos de nivel teórico: el Histórico lógico, el sistémico estructural funcional, la sistematización y la modelación y de nivel empírico, la revisión documental y el criterio de expertos. Resultados: Se propicia la transformación en los niveles de profesionalización de los docentes, referida al desarrollo que logra desde sus modos de actuación y se integran las acciones docente-educativas para una evaluación formativa propiciando la toma de decisiones y el desarrollo de los estudiantes. Conclusiones: Se identificaron los fundamentos que sustentan el proceso de mejoramiento del desempeño profesional pedagógico de los docentes en el área de la evaluación formativa. Este se apoya en la teoría de la educación avanzada y en la teoría de la evaluación para el vínculo de las funciones propias de la evaluación formativa(AU)

Introduction: The impact of training human resources on health is one of the indicators that are measured in terms of establishing quality standards at national and international level. Formative evaluation is an elementary tool for curricular improvement plans. Objective: To identify the foundations that support the process of pedagogical professional performance of professor in the area of formative evaluation. Methods: A qualitative development research was carried out in "Victoria de Girón" School of Sciences, during the academic year 2017-2018. The theoretical methods used were the logical-historical, the functional-structural-systemic, systematization, and modeling. The empirical methods used were documentary review and criteria of experts. Results: Transformation is fostered at the levels of professionalization of professors, concerning the development achieved from their ways of performance, while the teaching-educational actions are integrated for a formative evaluation, promoting decision-making and the development of students. Conclusions: The foundations that support the process of improvement of pedagogical professional performance of professors in the area of formative evaluation were identified. This is supported by the theory of advanced education and the theory of evaluation for the link of the functions inherent in formative evaluation(AU)

Application of blended BOPPPS teaching model in the teaching of internal nursing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective@#To explore the application and effect of blended BOPPPS teaching mode in medical nursing teaching.@*Methods@#A total of 80 nursing undergraduates of Grade 2014 in Hubei Medical University were divided randomly into teaching reform class and control class, with 40 students in each class. From February 2017 to July 2017, BOPPPS teaching was implemented in the teaching reform class, while traditional teaching was conducted in the control class. At the end of the experiment, Students in the two classes had questionnaire on the satisfaction of the teaching design, tests for self-learning ability and medical nursing level. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Enumeration data between two classes were compared by chi-square test, while measurement data were compared by t test.@*Results@#①The number of students who were satisfied in the teaching reform class was 34 (85.0%), which was significantly higher than that of the control class (29, 72.5%). The difference has statistical significance. ② The self-learning dimensions and total score of the teaching reform class were (53.1±5.1), (52.4±4.8), (52.2±4.7), (51.9±4.7), (51.2±4.9) and (260.8±24.2), respectively, which were significantly higher than (48.6±4.3),(49.9±4.3), (49.7±4.1), (47.6±4.0), (47.1±3.9), and (242.9±20.6) of the control class. The differences were statistically significant (average P<0.05 or 0.01). ③The total scores (minutes) for regular assessments, theoretical examinations, and internal medicine education in the reform class were (26.1±2.3), (55.4±5.2), and (81.5±7.5) respectively, which was obviously higher than that(23.7±1.9), (52.6±4.6), (76.3±6.5) of the control class. The differences were statistically significant (average P<0.05 or 0.01).@*Conclusions@#The blended BOPPPS teaching focuses on the students, pays close attention to the students' attentiveness, participatory learning and goal achievement. This teaching model can improve students' satisfaction, self-learning ability and medical nursing study in a large extent.

Application of virtual medical experimental platform on formative evaluation of functional experimental teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the combination of formative evaluation and summative evaluation, the newly-built virtual experimental platform was applied to the functional experimental assessment of clinical students. Its effects were observed by the process evaluation of "daily performance-virtual and real operation + written exam" and feedback from teachers and students. The results showed that daily performance, experimental operation, experimental report and final score of students in the experimental group who received the teaching by virtual experimental platform were significantly better than those in the control group; the students' interests in learning and self-learning ability in the experimental group were also significantly improved. This research showed that the introduction of virtual experimental platform into the teaching evaluation of diversified functional experiment enriches the contents and ways of formative evaluation, so as to improves students' experimental skills, and further enhance the effects of experimental teaching.

Application of virtual medical experimental platform on formative evaluation of functional experimental teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the combination of formative evaluation and summative evaluation,the newlybuilt virtual experimental platform was applied to the functional experimental assessment of clinical students.Its effects were observed by the process evaluation of "daily performance-virtual and real operation + written exam" and feedback from teachers and students.The results showed that daily performance,experimental operation,experimental report and final score of students in the experimental group who received the teaching by virtual experimental platform were significantly better than those in the control group;the students' interests in learning and self-learning ability in the experimental group were also significantly improved.This research showed that the introduction of virtual experimental platform into the teaching evaluation of diversified functional experiment enriches the contents and ways of formative evaluation,so as to improves students' experimental skills,and further enhance the effects of experimental teaching.

Application of blended BOPPPS teaching model in the teaching of internal nursing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the application and effect of blended BOPPPS teaching mode in medical nursing teaching. Methods A total of 80 nursing undergraduates of Grade 2014 in Hubei Medical University were divided randomly into teaching reform class and control class, with 40 students in each class. From February 2017 to July 2017, BOPPPS teaching was implemented in the teaching reform class, while traditional teaching was conducted in the control class. At the end of the experiment, Students in the two classes had questionnaire on the satisfaction of the teaching design, tests for self-learning ability and medical nursing level. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Enumeration data between two classes were compared by chi-square test, while measurement data were compared by t test. Results①The number of students who were satisfied in the teaching reform class was 34 (85.0％), which was significantly higher than that of the control class (29, 72.5％). The difference has statistical significance.②The self-learning dimensions and total score of the teaching reform class were (53.1±5.1), (52.4±4.8), (52.2±4.7), (51.9±4.7), (51.2±4.9) and (260.8±24.2), respectively, which were significantly higher than (48.6±4.3), (49.9±4.3), (49.7±4.1), (47.6±4.0), (47.1±3.9), and (242.9±20.6) of the control class. The differences were statistically significant (average P<0.05 or 0.01). ③The total scores (minutes) for regular assessments, theoretical examinations, and internal medicine education in the reform class were (26.1±2.3), (55.4 ±5.2), and (81.5 ±7.5) respectively, which was obviously higher than that (23.7 ±1.9), (52.6 ±4.6), (76.3±6.5) of the control class. The differences were statistically significant (average P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions The blended BOPPPS teaching focuses on the students , pays close attention to the students' attentiveness , participatory learning and goal achievement . This teaching model can improve students' satisfaction, self-learning ability and medical nursing study in a large extent.

On the application of internet-based formative evaluation in the teaching of paediatric nursing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To discuss the effect of applying internet-based formative evaluation in paediatric nursing teaching. Methods Three nursing classes from grade 2015 were selected as research subjects, and determined randomly as test group, control group 1 and control group 2. Internet-based formative evaluation was used in the test group, while control group 1 used traditional test papers, and control group 2 skipped formative evaluation. Results Analysis of the results and the total scores of the final examination showed no significant difference between the test group and the control group 1 (P>0.05), but the scores of both groups were significantly higher than that of the control group 2 (P<0.05). The scores of the students' evaluation to teachers in test group was better than that in control group 1 and control group 2, and the differences between the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The average time of exams in the test group was shorter than that of control group 1, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The cost of the test group was 0 yuan, while the cost of the control group1 was 638 yuan. Conclusion Although there is no significant difference in the teaching effect between the internet-based formative evaluation and traditional test papers , internet-based tests can significantly improve the students' interest in learning, increase the efficiency of teaching and learning, and improve the teaching quality . The internet-based formative evaluation can be widely used in nursing teaching.

Impacto de la retroalimentación y la evaluación formativa en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de Biociencias / The impact of feedback and formative evaluation on Biosciences teaching-learning

Introducción: En nuestros días, la identificación y sistematización de la evaluación del aprendizaje en las universidades está encaminada a garantizar la pertinencia, eficacia y eficiencia de las mismas, co25nformando un marco de referencia para la reflexión y toma de decisiones encaminadas a la mejora de los procesos enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este sentido, es fundamental la información acerca de las percepciones, las actitudes, las experiencias y las expectativas en relación con la implementación de la evaluación formativa como una herramienta que permite generar diversas estrategias para los planes de mejora curricular. Objetivo: Obtener información acerca de las percepciones, las actitudes, las experiencias y las expectativas en relación con la evaluación formativa y el impacto de la retroalimentación a estudiantes de Medicina de primer semestre de la Universidad de La Sabana que cursan Biociencias. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo mediante el empleo de la técnica de los grupos focales. Se preparó un guion en torno las inquietudes obtenidas a partir de la retroalimentación y se formularon varias preguntas que fueron grabadas en audio. Se evidenciaron cuatro categorías emergentes de exploración. Resultados: Las argumentaciones de los participantes se realizaron a partir de las memorias obtenidas en el audio del grupo focal; desde el guion inicial, surgen subcategorías en las que se ordenaron los hallazgos. Se evidenciaron 4 categorías que abarcan la comprensión del estudiante respecto de la función formativa de la evaluación, el empoderamiento de los estudiantes frente al proceso de evaluación formativa, el manejo de conflictos derivados de la evaluación y algunas sugerencias para mejorar los procesos de evaluación desde la perspectiva del estudiante. Conclusiones: Para que estas evaluaciones tengan la resonancia que se espera de ellas, deben estar inmersas en el pensamiento pedagógico contemporáneo, los objetivos de los cursos y los resultados esperados del aprendizaje, donde se halle una total congruencia entre los mismos(AU)

Introduction: Nowadays, identification and systematization of the evaluation of learning in universities is aimed at guaranteeing its pertinence, effectiveness and efficiency, creating a reference framework for reflection and decision-making aimed at the improvement of the teaching-learning processes. In this respect, information about perceptions, attitudes, experiences and expectations about the implementation of formative evaluation as a tool that allows generating different strategies for curricular improvement plans is fundamental. Objective: To obtain information about the perceptions, attitudes, experiences and expectations about formative evaluation and the feedback impact on first-semester medical students of University of La Sabana in the Biosciences course. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out using the technique of focus groups. A script was prepared about the concerns obtained from feedback and several questions were formulated that were recorded in audio. Four emerging categories of exploration were evidenced. Results: The arguments of the participants were produced from the memories obtained in the audio of the focus group. From the initial script, subcategories appear in which the findings were ordered. There were four categories that include the student's understanding of the formative function of the evaluation, the students' empowerment in the formative evaluation process, managing of conflicts derived from evaluation, and some suggestions to improve the evaluation processes from the student's perspective. Conclusions: In order for these evaluations to have the impact expected from them, they must be immersed in the contemporary pedagogical thought, the objectives of the courses and the expected results of the learning process, where there is a total congruence among them(AU)

Análise do Portfólio Reflexivo como instrumento de avaliação formativa em um Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem / Analysis of the Reflective Portfolio as an instrument of formative evaluation in a Bachelor's Degree and Nursing Degree

Este estudo abordou a análise do uso do Portfólio Reflexivo (PR) como instrumento da avaliação formativa em um curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem. Teve como objetivo geral analisar como vem se configurando o processo de adoção do portfólio reflexivo como estratégia de avaliação formativa do Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do interior paulista, tendo em vista as potencialidades e fragilidades desse processo. Os objetivos específicos foram: analisar como é compreendido o PR e quais são as orientações teóricas para a sua utilização; compreender as concepções e os modos de fazer dos professores e alunos no que se refere ao PR; compreender as demandas geradas para o trabalho docente e para o aluno a partir do uso do PR. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em uma instituição pública de ensino superior do interior paulista. Foram realizados grupos focais com alunos do último período do curso (5o ano) e com docentes que utilizavam o PR em suas disciplinas. A análise dos dados foi conduzida pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Foi realizada também análise documental do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) do curso. Foram configuradas as seguintes categorias temáticas: Das potencialidades declaradas pelos alunos ao predomínio da dimensão instrumental na formação; O aluno aprendendo a acompanhar sua própria aprendizagem; Das fragilidades e resistências ao portfólio apresentadas pelos alunos ao trabalho docente em perspectiva produtivista e aos limites da formação pedagógica; A avaliação formativa e o portfólio reflexivo: caminhos que se cruzam?; O portfólio reflexivo na vivência de professores da licenciatura em enfermagem: sentimentos despertados e conhecimentos ampliados na abertura para o "novo"; Demandas do Portfólio Reflexivo e o contexto do trabalho docente universitário: na contramão dos processos formativos? O PR pode ser um instrumento muito valioso podendo proporcionar de fato que a avaliação formativa seja feita com vistas à reflexão e à emancipação dos estudantes; contudo, na lógica da perspectiva da pedagogia das competências e do aprender a aprender poderá privilegiar o fortalecimento da prática cotidiana, em detrimento do desenvolvimento da perspectiva crítica no processo formativo. A transformação, de fato, do PR em instrumento a favor da emancipação demanda formação docente, gestão coletiva, valorização do ensino de graduação, em defesa de um projeto de formação crítico, em contraposição à lógica produtivista. Pelo estudo pode-se inferir que há intenções de manter o "novo", pelos alunos e professores, mas apreende-se, nesse contexto, na direção da formação em perspectiva crítica, necessidade de qualificá-lo com mais solidez teórica e diretrizes operativas

This study approached the analysis of the use of the Reflective Portfolio (RP) as an instrument of formative evaluation in a Bachelor's Degree and Nursing Degree. Its general purpose was to assess how the reflective portfolio has been implemented as an educational tool of major Nursing courses at a public university in the countryside of the State of São Paulo, considering both the potentials and weaknesses of the process. The specific goals were: to assess how RP is perceived and what are the theoretical grounds for its use; to understand the concepts and behaviors of both teachers and students in relation to RP; to understand the requirements demanded for both the teacher and students' works with the adoption of RP. It is a qualitative research carried out a public college in the countryside of the State of São Paulo. Focus groups gathering students from the last course period (5th year) and teachers who have been using RP in their courses were created. Data analysis was based on Bardin's content analysis (2016). A document assessment of the course's Political Educational Project (PPP) was also carried out. The following themes were created: The potentials stated by the students regarding the prominence of the dimension of the tool in education; The student learns how to follow-up their own learning; About the weaknesses and oppositions to the portfolio brought by students to teachers under a productive point of view and the limitations of educational formation; The educational assessment and the reflective portfolio: crossing paths?; The reflective portfolio in the experience of Nursing course teachers: feelings aroused and knowledge expanded in the opening for what is "new"; Requirements of the in the countryside of the State of São Paulo and the context of college teachers: an obstacle to educational processes? RP could be a very valuable tool and actually enable education to be carried out considering the reflection and emancipation of students; however, in the logistics of the educational perspective of disciplines and learning how to learn could emphasize the strengthening of daily practice, as opposed to the development of criticism in the educational process. The actual transformation of RP into a tool on behalf of emancipation requires teaching education, collective management, valuing major courses, everything on behalf of a critical educational project as opposed to the productive logistics. The paper shows both teachers and students are willing to focus on "what is new", but, in this context, it is understood they want to do that focusing on critical thinking - therefore, it is necessary to give RP more technical support and operational guidelines

Design of course evaluation system based on formative evaluation: a case study of Medical Infor-mation Analysis / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on formative evaluation, we constructed the evaluation system of Medical Infor-mation Analysis according to the literatures and theories of learning evaluation and teaching practice. In the present evaluation system, teachers and students evaluate each other. It focuses on the evaluation and feed-back of student learning. The frame of the system includes three primary indicators — learning attitude, interactive participation and behavioral results , and six corresponding secondary indicators for student learning evaluation. It is significant to introduce formative evaluation into course evaluation and to combine process evaluation with summative evaluation in evaluating those courses with many contents and limited time .It could improve teaching quality, promote student learning, and effectively achieve the curriculum objectives at last. The present evaluation system could be reference for other related curriculum evaluation.